AI and Economy Research Program — Google AI

AI and economy research program

AI is reshaping economies around the world. Google’s AI & Economy Research Program aims to advance our understanding of this transformation and help chart a course toward shared prosperity.

A glowing blue globe on the left is connected by fanning white dashed lines to a vertical array of data nodes, against a blue gradient background. The nodes consist of a central column of six white circles and a far-right column of six blue circles, illustrating a network connection or data distribution pattern.

Our research spans from how AI is transforming the future of work, productivity, and growth, to how AI adoption will diffuse across sectors and economies, to the economic implications of frontier AI capabilities and AI’s impact on science.

We pursue this research in partnership with leading economists and researchers to help realize the promise of AI to deliver broad-based economic growth and progress.

Latest research
Latest perspectives
Our impact
Our programs and collaborators

Latest research from Google and collaborators

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Humans in the Loop: Evolution of work in early experiments with GenAI

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Google

AI at Work: Workforce Case Studies and Experiments from Google Workspace

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Google

Achieving Productivity Gains with AI-based IDE features

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Google | Ipsos

The Path to AI Fluency

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Economic Innovation Group

Is AI Impacting Entry-Level Jobs

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Google | Ipsos

Our Life with AI

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Innovation Growth Lab

AI in Science: Evidence of Impact from AlphaFold 2

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Google DeepMind and University of Toronto

Virtual Agent Economies

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Google | Public First

AI Works 2025 Research Report in the UK

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Andrew McAfee

The Economic Impact of Generative AI

Scenes from everyday life that will be impacted by the latest research from Google and collaborators.

Guy Ben-Ishai, Jeff Dean, James Manyika, Hal Varian, Kent Walker

Lessons from the history of technology and the economy

Our perspectives

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

The Washington Post

Here’s what really affects jobs in the age of AI

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

The Atlantic

A Better Way to Think About AI

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

The Atlantic

AI, Productivity, and Jobs

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

The Atlantic

The New Learning Curve

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

Fabien Curto Millet, Chief Economist, Google

Will AI-powered scientific discovery catalyze economic growth?

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

Ruth Porat, Thomas Kurian, James Manyika, and Kent Walker

Powering a new era of American innovation

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

Google

AI Pioneers: How Countries are Seizing the AI Opportunity

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

Ellie Sakhaee, Alice Friend, Kent Walker, James Maniyka

A Policy Framework for Building the Future of Science with AI

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

The Atlantic

Transforming Human Labor

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

Fabien Curto Millet, Chief Economist, Google

AI-driven growth and navigating the path to new markets

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

The Digitalist Papers

A 2050 thought experiment on how to get AI right

Everyday moments, transformed by the latest research from Google and its partners.

Foreign Affairs

Can artificial intelligence reverse the productivity slowdown?

Ruth Porat

Harnessing the Power of AI

Strive Masiyiwa and James Manyika

AI & economic opportunity in Africa

Michael Spence and Fabien Curto Millet

How AI Is Shaping the Future of Work

Lawfare

Scaling Laws: Productivity Boom? Labor Shock?

National Governors Association

Reigniting the American Dream

World Intellectual Property Organization

AI on the Brink: Google Chief Economist Curto Millet on the Future of Artificial Intelligence

London School of Economics

Are jobs getting better?

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco

AI's Economic Impact: Industry Adoption, Jobs, and Future of Work with Google Chief Economist

World Economic Forum

“Trillions of dollars added to the economy” - Google’s chief economist on the macro impact of AI

Ruth Porat

Harnessing the Power of AI

Strive Masiyiwa and James Manyika

AI & economic opportunity in Africa

Michael Spence and Fabien Curto Millet

How AI Is Shaping the Future of Work

Lawfare

Scaling Laws: Productivity Boom? Labor Shock?

National Governors Association

Reigniting the American Dream

World Intellectual Property Organization

AI on the Brink: Google Chief Economist Curto Millet on the Future of Artificial Intelligence

London School of Economics

Are jobs getting better?

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco

AI's Economic Impact: Industry Adoption, Jobs, and Future of Work with Google Chief Economist

World Economic Forum

“Trillions of dollars added to the economy” - Google’s chief economist on the macro impact of AI

Our impact

AI Works: Helping everyone benefit from AI’s opportunities

Through partnerships, investments, resources, and workforce development and education, Google’s AI Works initiative ensures that everyone can benefit from AI’s transformative economic potential.

A young woman with dark curly hair styled in an updo sits at a white desk in a brightly lit room, looking attentively at a black computer monitor. She is wearing a tan corduroy overshirt over a striped top and has her hands resting on a black keyboard, typing. In the softly blurred background, other computer workstations are visible, suggesting a computer lab, library, or modern office setting.

Google's $1 billion commitment to support education and job training programs

Every high school in America will be offered Gemini for Education, included Guided Learning, that helps you learn and study by building a deep understanding instead of just getting answers.

A smiling male worker wearing a bright orange hard hat, safety glasses, a yellow high-visibility safety vest, thick leather work gloves, and a heavy leather safety harness over a light blue shirt. He is standing outdoors, using one hand to hold open a white metal storage compartment on the side of a utility work truck. The background is softly blurred, showing parts of a large white building or structure under a bright sky.

Google.org’s $75M AI Opportunity Fund for the United States

To help ensure AI's benefits are widely shared, the AI Opportunity Fund helps everyone learn essential AI skills by providing funding to best-in-class workforce development and education organizations across critical segments of society.

A male teacher wearing a navy blue polo shirt leans over to point at a laptop screen, guiding a female student who is seated and typing. The student has long dark wavy hair, wears glasses, and is dressed in a black long-sleeved shirt. They are in a brightly lit classroom setting with a bulletin board, circular tables, and chairs visible in the softly blurred background.

Our commitment to make AI training available to all 6 million U.S. educators

This landmark initiative — the biggest of its kind — is a partnership with ISTE+ASCD. It will make Google’s suite of AI products and comprehensive AI literacy training available to all 6 million K12 teachers and higher ed faculty in the U.S.

A Google panel discussion taking place on a stage with a dark teal wall decorated with large blue circles. Four panelists are seated on stools facing an audience, with three clearly visible: a woman in an olive green sweater and jeans, a man with dark curly hair and a beard in a black shirt, and a man with a beard in a dark overshirt speaking into a yellow microphone. Behind them, a large presentation screen displays their headshots, names, job titles, and company logos, including AND, GRIND, and Google. The backs of the seated audience members are visible in the blurred foreground.

$30 million commitment to launch AI Works in Europe

At the Future of Work Forum, we launched AI Works for Europe to help people and companies in Europe learn AI skills to grow their careers and businesses. We have committed $30 million to the Google.org AI Opportunity Fund and expanded access to the Google AI Professional Certificate.

Two industrial workers, a man and a woman, stand side-by-side in a manufacturing or factory setting, collaborating on a task. Both are wearing white hard hats, safety glasses, and bright orange high-visibility vests over dark blue workwear. The man on the left holds a black industrial control pendant with a prominent red button, while the woman on the right holds a rugged tablet and points toward his hands or the controls. The background shows a blurred industrial environment with blue machinery, windows, and a blue storage crate.

Investing in workforce, energy infrastructure and the policies needed to power the AI opportunity

Google is announcing a new paper and support for an effort to train 100,000 electrical workers and 30,000 new apprentices in the United States.

12 million trained in the US via Grow with Google Skilling Programs

In the Google AI Professional Certificate, you’ll gain hands-on experience building the AI skills employers are looking for. Designed by experts at Google, you’ll learn to use AI to sharpen your strategy, boost your creativity, and get more done, faster. Enroll today and get three months of Google AI Pro on us.

Viewed from indoors, two people sit at a small table by a large storefront window looking out onto a city street. The person on the left is seen from behind, wearing a gray t-shirt, while the person on the right wears a green t-shirt and a green baseball cap, resting their chin on their hand in conversation. Through the slightly open glass door on the right, which features reversed gold lettering, a pedestrian in a black puffy jacket is seen walking past on the sidewalk.

$5 million in Google.org funding to reach 40K businesses

At the U.S. Chamber of Commerce CO–100 Conference, we announced new investments to scale AI education for small businesses across the country.

Three young adults sit around a small round table outdoors on a brightly lit covered walkway, smiling and conversing. On the left, a man in a two-tone grey and black jacket looks toward his companions. In the center, a woman wearing glasses and a dark pink hijab smiles down at the table, holding a blue pen near some stacked books. On the right, a woman wearing glasses, a light pink hijab, and a green sweater smiles brightly at the man. An open silver laptop sits on the table facing the two women.

$12 million invested in AI training in Asia Pacific

We’re introducing 49 recipients of the Google.org AI Opportunity Fund: Asia-Pacific, selected by AVPN, and announcing an additional $12 million for AI training in the region.

A young woman with dark curly hair styled in an updo sits at a white desk in a brightly lit room, looking attentively at a black computer monitor. She is wearing a tan corduroy overshirt over a striped top and has her hands resting on a black keyboard, typing. In the softly blurred background, other computer workstations are visible, suggesting a computer lab, library, or modern office setting.

Google's $1 billion commitment to support education and job training programs

Every high school in America will be offered Gemini for Education, included Guided Learning, that helps you learn and study by building a deep understanding instead of just getting answers.

A smiling male worker wearing a bright orange hard hat, safety glasses, a yellow high-visibility safety vest, thick leather work gloves, and a heavy leather safety harness over a light blue shirt. He is standing outdoors, using one hand to hold open a white metal storage compartment on the side of a utility work truck. The background is softly blurred, showing parts of a large white building or structure under a bright sky.

Google.org’s $75M AI Opportunity Fund for the United States

To help ensure AI's benefits are widely shared, the AI Opportunity Fund helps everyone learn essential AI skills by providing funding to best-in-class workforce development and education organizations across critical segments of society.

A male teacher wearing a navy blue polo shirt leans over to point at a laptop screen, guiding a female student who is seated and typing. The student has long dark wavy hair, wears glasses, and is dressed in a black long-sleeved shirt. They are in a brightly lit classroom setting with a bulletin board, circular tables, and chairs visible in the softly blurred background.

Our commitment to make AI training available to all 6 million U.S. educators

This landmark initiative — the biggest of its kind — is a partnership with ISTE+ASCD. It will make Google’s suite of AI products and comprehensive AI literacy training available to all 6 million K12 teachers and higher ed faculty in the U.S.

A Google panel discussion taking place on a stage with a dark teal wall decorated with large blue circles. Four panelists are seated on stools facing an audience, with three clearly visible: a woman in an olive green sweater and jeans, a man with dark curly hair and a beard in a black shirt, and a man with a beard in a dark overshirt speaking into a yellow microphone. Behind them, a large presentation screen displays their headshots, names, job titles, and company logos, including AND, GRIND, and Google. The backs of the seated audience members are visible in the blurred foreground.

$30 million commitment to launch AI Works in Europe

At the Future of Work Forum, we launched AI Works for Europe to help people and companies in Europe learn AI skills to grow their careers and businesses. We have committed $30 million to the Google.org AI Opportunity Fund and expanded access to the Google AI Professional Certificate.

Two industrial workers, a man and a woman, stand side-by-side in a manufacturing or factory setting, collaborating on a task. Both are wearing white hard hats, safety glasses, and bright orange high-visibility vests over dark blue workwear. The man on the left holds a black industrial control pendant with a prominent red button, while the woman on the right holds a rugged tablet and points toward his hands or the controls. The background shows a blurred industrial environment with blue machinery, windows, and a blue storage crate.

Investing in workforce, energy infrastructure and the policies needed to power the AI opportunity

Google is announcing a new paper and support for an effort to train 100,000 electrical workers and 30,000 new apprentices in the United States.

12 million trained in the US via Grow with Google Skilling Programs

In the Google AI Professional Certificate, you’ll gain hands-on experience building the AI skills employers are looking for. Designed by experts at Google, you’ll learn to use AI to sharpen your strategy, boost your creativity, and get more done, faster. Enroll today and get three months of Google AI Pro on us.

Viewed from indoors, two people sit at a small table by a large storefront window looking out onto a city street. The person on the left is seen from behind, wearing a gray t-shirt, while the person on the right wears a green t-shirt and a green baseball cap, resting their chin on their hand in conversation. Through the slightly open glass door on the right, which features reversed gold lettering, a pedestrian in a black puffy jacket is seen walking past on the sidewalk.

$5 million in Google.org funding to reach 40K businesses

At the U.S. Chamber of Commerce CO–100 Conference, we announced new investments to scale AI education for small businesses across the country.

Three young adults sit around a small round table outdoors on a brightly lit covered walkway, smiling and conversing. On the left, a man in a two-tone grey and black jacket looks toward his companions. In the center, a woman wearing glasses and a dark pink hijab smiles down at the table, holding a blue pen near some stacked books. On the right, a woman wearing glasses, a light pink hijab, and a green sweater smiles brightly at the man. An open silver laptop sits on the table facing the two women.

$12 million invested in AI training in Asia Pacific

We’re introducing 49 recipients of the Google.org AI Opportunity Fund: Asia-Pacific, selected by AVPN, and announcing an additional $12 million for AI training in the region.

Our programs & collaborators

Academic Advisors

To help guide our understanding of AI’s economic impact, we partner with a distinguished group of independent economic advisors. This group provides strategic foresight and topical insights on macroeconomic trends, productivity, the workforce, and new models for economic growth.

A photograph of Mohamed El-Erian, the Rene Kerns Professor at the Wharton School at University of Pennsylvania

Mohamed El-Erian

Mohamed El-Erian is the Rene Kerns Professor at the Wharton School at University of Pennsylvania, Chair of Gramercy Fund Management and Chief Economic Advisor at Allianz. He formerly served as the President of Queens’ College at Cambridge University, and CEO and co-CIO of PIMCO.

A photograph of Diane Coyle, the Bennett Professor of Public Policy at the University of Cambridge and Research Director of the Bennett School of Public Policy

Diane Coyle

Diane Coyle is the Bennett Professor of Public Policy at the University of Cambridge and Research Director of the Bennett School of Public Policy, and a member of the UK Government’s Industrial Strategy Council.

A photograph of Michael Spence, a Nobel Laureate, the Philip H. Knight Professor Emeritus of Management in the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University, and Senior Professor at Bocconi University in Milan.

Michael Spence

Michael Spence is a Nobel Laureate, the Philip H. Knight Professor Emeritus of Management in the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University, and Senior Professor at Bocconi University in Milan.

Visiting Fellow David Autor

The Technology & Society Visiting Fellows Program connects leading economists with Google teams to study AI’s impact on growth, productivity, and work. We are hosting MIT Professor and NBER Labor Studies Co-Director David Autor for a three-year fellowship examining the impact of AI on the workforce. Across several research efforts, David is studying when and how technology either automates or augments expertise and what these shifts mean for worker wage and employment trajectories, how technology creates new work, how AI usage affects skill acquisition, and how workflows and organizational structures change in response to AI adoption.

A photograph of visiting fellow David Autor, MIT Professor and NBER Labor Studies Co-Director.

Two people discussing a project with papers on a desk

Visiting Fellows Program

Google's Technology & Society Visiting Fellows Program welcomes leading experts to conduct original research. Together, our goal is to advance thinking and inform approaches on how AI can create opportunities for people and the economy and provide insights on how to tackle AI’s opportunities and complexities.

A researcher works at a desk with a open laptop in the background

AI & Economy Researchers

A part of Google’s Digital Futures Project, AI & Economy Researchers receive significant resources to pursue ambitious research on AI’s impact on the economy, specifically on work, productivity, and transformation. Learn more about our inaugural cohort of researchers here.